Jeffrey E. Garten was dean of the school from November 1995 to June 2005 and has been teaching at the school since he stepped down. Prior to serving as dean, he was undersecretary of commerce for international trade, 1993-1995, where he focused on trade and investment negotiations and policy towards big emerging markets—particularly China, India, and Brazil. Before government service he spent 13 years on Wall Street. As a managing director of Lehman Brothers, he specialized in debt restructuring in Latin America, built up Lehman's investment banking business in Asia, and restructured some of the world's largest shipping companies in Hong Kong. Later he worked on mergers and acquisitions for the Blackstone Group. From 1997-2005 he wrote a monthly column for BusinessWeek on major challenges facing global business leaders. His articles have also appeared in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, Foreign Affairs, and the Harvard Business Review.